GHK-Cu

GHK-Cu (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine:copper(II)) is a naturally occurring tripeptide with a strong affinity for copper ions. It was first identified in human plasma in 1973 and has since been found to decline significantly with age — plasma levels drop from about 200 ng/mL at age 20 to 80 ng/mL by age 60. This decline correlates with many age-related degenerative processes. What makes GHK-Cu extraordinary is its ability to modulate gene expression on a massive scale.

Research by Loren Pickart and others has demonstrated that GHK-Cu can activate or suppress over 4,000 human genes — approximately 6% of the human genome. It upregulates genes associated with tissue repair, stem cell activity, and antioxidant defense, while suppressing genes linked to inflammation, fibrosis, and tissue destruction. GHK-Cu stimulates collagen and elastin synthesis, promotes angiogenesis, has anti-inflammatory effects, and supports nerve regeneration. It is widely used both topically (for skin rejuvenation) and systemically (via injection) for its broad regenerative properties.

It has gained particular attention as a complement to GLP-1 weight loss therapies, helping to address the collagen loss and skin laxity ("Ozempic face") that can accompany rapid weight loss.